Suicide is a devastating murderer of young people. It is the third most significant cause of mortality in 15-to-19-year-olds and the second highest cause of death in college-age students in the United States. It killed more teenagers and young people in 2022 than cancer, heart disease, AIDS, stroke, and lung illness combined. It also kills the young brutally and disproportionately. And, across the world, in individuals under the ages 16 and 45, suicide is the second largest murderer of women and the fourth of males. Every year, almost one million individuals commit self-killing, with 30,000 of them in the United States
Effects Of Suicide on Students:
Surveys by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention reveal that one in ten college students and one in five high school students confess to having seriously pondered committing self-murder in the prior year. Almost one out of every ten high school students admit to trying it. Every year in the United States, over 500,000 suicidal attempts are severe enough to necessitate medical intervention in an emergency hospital.
Significant Causes of Suicide:
We understand, to some extent, the mental conditions of persons who commit suicide. These conditions include despair, depression, irritation, restlessness, and hopelessness. The victims’ legacies—notes, diaries, psychiatric autopsies, and professional interviews with persons who have survived significant suicidal attempts—have taught us much about the suicidal experience. We have convincing evidence from a number of research that the most critical factor in it is psychopathology.
More than 90% of all suicidal attempts were caused by a significant psychiatric or addictive condition (depression, manic-depression, schizophrenia, or alcohol and drug misuse), a severe anxiety problem, or borderline or antisocial personality disorder. Those suffering from depression and alcohol or drug abuse are especially vulnerable. Most depressed people will not commit suicidal attempts. However, the majority of those who did were deeply depressed.
Biology And Suicide:
We also know a lot about the underlying biology of Self-killing, though not nearly enough. For example, there is a genetic component most likely unrelated to but potentially interacts with, the hereditary components implicated in severe psychiatric diseases. We know neurotransmitters like serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine are entwined in the volatile, impulsive, and violent temperaments most strongly related to self-murder. Violence is definitely, a fundamental aspect of many suicides.
Treatment For Suicide:
Today, we are fortunate to have effective treatments for the psychiatric disorders most typically connected with self-murder; antidepressant pharmaceuticals, lithium, anticonvulsant medications, psychotherapy, anxiety meds, and drugs to treat and prevent psychosis. Lithium is the most convincingly linked to the actual prevention of suicide.
We are also lucky to have a surgeon general, Dr. David Satcher, who is both informed about self-murder and actively interested in taking action to prevent it. The tactics included in his recently released report represent the first comprehensive national effort to prevent self-killing. Self-murder is finally being recognized as a public health concern.
Public Awareness About Self-killing:
We know a lot about suicide, but not nearly enough. What we know isn’t being communicated as effectively as it could be. We need to raise public knowledge about how common deadly suicide is and the symptoms and treatments for depression and other psychiatric problems linked to suicide. Families, schools, churches, synagogues, professors, and university officials must do more. We need a culture that recognizes this avoidable tragedy and does not accept the intolerable.
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